This finding suggests that the xanthophylls carotenoids Lutein and Zeaxanthin may protect against the development of cataract.
https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2163771

Adding lutein-zeaxanthin extracted from spinach to virgin olive oil -the amount of carotenoids extracted increased up to a maximum after 24 hours- - the more spinach that was added, the more lutein-zeaxanthin in the enriched virgin olive oil took place with best results after 24 hours by using a 75:25 ratio at 30°C.
Reference: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28413190/

Selected commonly consumed foods as high sources of xanthophylls: Parsley, Kale, Corn Tortilla,
the ability of the body to absorb lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin occured almost 100% from fruits (orange, kiwi, grapefruit and sweet potato) compared to spinach and broccoli (19% and 38%)
Carotene from carrots is only 14% absorbed by the body and up to 44% when papaya is combined with milk and sugar. Zcchini (courgette) shows a 54% bioavilability by the body and tomatoes 30%. Boiled Spinach was 17% absorbed however when made into a puree increased to 30%.  Zuccini may show a higher bioavailability if made into puree. Cassava cooked in sunflower oil showed a 47% bioavailability and carrots boiled in sunflower oil 74% showed bioavailbility.
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jf403312v

Foods highest in Zeaxanthin
Boiled Corn, Corn Flour, Hot chili peppers (extremly high), Red Peppers, Kale, Rose Hips, Goji Berries, Red Chinese lantern fruit (Physalis alkekengi L.), Cold Pressed Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berries oil, persimmons,Corozo ‡ (Aiphanes aculeata), South American sapote ‡ (Quararibea cordata), Sastra # (Garcinia intermedia).  Extremly high sources found in Microalgal sources Nannochloropsis sp. oil, Chlorella ellipsoidea, Dunaliella salina, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Scenedesmus almeriensis. Foods with the highest bioavailbilty of Zeaxanthin: Clementine mandarins (Citrus x clementina) pulp and juice, Brown and Red Peppers, Oranges and Sweet Corn. - - - -- Adding Coconut Oil to (at 1%) to goji berries boosted the absorption of zeaxanthin into the body from 6.7% to 13.3%. In order to cover the 2 mg of zeaxanthin needed for a significant reduction in the progression of age-related macular degeneration [82], the ingestion of 11 egg yolks would be required.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7570536/
 
Foods with the highest levels of Lutein
Cooked Kale and Spinach, Raw Parsley and Lettuce, Cooked Eggs (note uncooked eggs showed half as much). A meal with Scrambled eggs on toast: Two poached eggs on wholegrain toast served with 1/2 cup wilted kale and grilled tomato + one glass milk delivers to the body 9584 µg of Lutein/Zeaxanthin Content. Cooking with Olive Oil effectively increases the absorption of some carotenoids. a lutein-enriched egg-yolk-based buttermilk beverage increased serum lutein levels significantly by 76% and 77%, respectively (p < 0.001). The highest levels were in individuals receiving zeaxanthin-enriched eggs: 430% (p < 0.001). These serum increases are comparable with daily use of 5 mg supplements.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5331551/

Herbs with high amounts of Lutein and Zeaxanthin: Basil, Dill and coriander, and their respective micelles, contained the highest levels of beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, and lutein + zeaxanthin along with the highest levels of bioavailbility.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20443063/

Saffron

Crocin(s) also showed the beneficial effects on prevention of diabetic cataract.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26821002/

The two main natural carotenoids of saffron are crocin and crocetin
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304419X13000565


Study - Saffron administration prevents selenite-induced cataractogenesis - - -
Saffron demonstrated significant protection against selenite-induced cataractogenesis in vivo.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3669538/

Red Palm Oil

Supplementation with Red Palm Oil Increases β-Carotene and Vitamin A Blood
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4321850/

One hundred grams of Red Palm oil is known to contain 27,280 μg of Beta carotene.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691508003906

This study aimed to examine whether dietary vitamin A and C levels are associated with cataracts. In conclusion, people who had more vitamin A and C in their diets exhibited a strogner protective effect against cataracts which was dependant upon life style and demographic factors.association.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7402979/

Recent study have shown that palm oil can alter Cd accumulation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases in ways which suggested that it offers protection of the eyes from ocular exposure to Cd
Reference
Vitamin A induced Changes in Ocular Tissue Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities of Rabbits in Cadmium Toxicity

Bioavailability
Studies have reported red palm oil supplementation could enhance beta carotene bioavailability
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343540727_From_carotenoid_intake_to_carotenoid_blood_and_tissue_concentrations_-_implications_for_dietary_intake_recommendations

- - Supplementation with alpha- + beta-carotene (carotene-rich palm oil) resulted in a 14-fold and 5-fold increases respectively in serum levels of these carotenoids.  - - - - - -- -- Carotene-rich palm oil capsules contained approx.70% β-carotene and 30% α-carotene, - - Lycopene-rich tomato extract was supplied byMakhteshim (Beer Sheva, Israel), α-tocopherol was a giftfrom R. P. Scherer North America (St. Petersburg, FL,U.S.A.), and ‘carotene-rich palm oil’ and lutein-richmarigold extract were obtained from Quest (Unilever,Vlardingeen, The Netherlands). Capsules (500 mg fillweight) contained approx. 100 mg of α-tocopherol incorn oil, 15 mg of carotenoids (carotene-rich palm oil,lutein or lycopene) in corn oil, or corn oil only (placebo) - The carotene-rich palm oil capsule contained 30%α-carotene and 66.5% total β-carotene (40.4%trans-β-carotene and 19.6%9-cis-β-carotene). n.d., not determined
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11450619_A_European_multicentre_placebo-controlled_supplementation_study_with_alpha-tocopherol_carotene-rich_palm_oil_lutein_or_lycopene_analysis_of_serum_responses


Diosmetin
Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum is helpful in many eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), arteriosclerosis of the retina, diabetic retinopathy.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5615423/#:~:text=Numerous%20studies%2C%20in%20ancient%20and,some%20drug-related%20retinal%20toxicities.

Chrysanthemum contains diosmetin.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9000279/

Diosmetin protects against retinal injury
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28959525/

Diosmetin occurs naturally in citrus fruits.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Diosmetin

The citrus fruit Cirsium japonicum var. australe  contains diosmetin
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8272034/

Saussurea stella contains diosmetin
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0367326X13000841?via%3Dihub

Erythrina falcata contains Diosmeti. This plant also has an effect at reducing the emotion of fear.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4141959/


Ordinary 670nm Flashlight LED's Redeem Aged Human Visual Decline

A 2020 research study discovered that by using 670NM LED's they were able to improve mitochondrial functioning and ATP, which in turn acted as the catalyst to enhance eyesight in human subjects. The most significant improvemensts occured in people 40 years and older.  The paper also stated that out of all parts of the human body, the retina ages fastest with a 70% reduction in ATP over one's lifespan. The study used 10 ordinary common LED's, like the one's you find in an ordinary flashlight, and asked the volunteers to shine the light onto their dominant eye for 3 minutes every morning for 2 weeks. The researchers concluded that the volunteers aged between 28  and 68 years showed significant improvement. Further research found that when volunteer group was divided into younger and older, adults, the most improvements were in people over the age of 38. The researchers in the study concluded that 670-nm LED's in older participants improved tritan thresholds bringing them toward levels found in younger individuals. (Reference: Optically Improved Mitochondrial Function Redeems Aged Human Visual Decline. Harpreet Shinhmar et al.)


Why many believe that eyes cannot be restored as a person ages.
Your eyes contain special cones that are responsible for your color vision.  These cones have have high energy demands. Unlike the rods in your eyes, these cones cannot die out completely as a person ages. Specific LED's in the 670 nm wavelength may be replentishing these hungry cones by activating Mitochondrial Functioning and replentishing ATP in regions near the eyes. This in turn The ability to improve cone function is of importance because these cells. (Reference: Optically Improved Mitochondrial Function Redeems Aged Human Visual Decline. Harpreet Shinhmar et al.)


Other people, not knowing about the reserach study have used an LED to treat an eye injury upon the cornea of the eye.

"successfully treated a scratch on the cornea with an LED after a piece of plastic fell into her eye. After one hour of holding the light onto the closed eyelid, the pain and tearing were gone, vision was unaffected and no more problems occurred." The Rife Handbook

The effectiveness of using 670nm and 830nm LED's to heal the retina, has already been confirmed by research studies. 830 nm is beneficial following partial optic nerve transection.670 nm delivered by LED light was generally more effective at improving function or protecting neurons than 830 nm .The greater efficacy of 670 nm R/NIR-IT was apparent despite a greater percentage of delivered photons of 830 nm than 670 nm penetrating through skin and muscle. The absorbance of cytochrome c oxidase is much greater at 670 nm than 830 nm [which may explain why the 670 nm light.
  (reference: Differential Effects of 670 and 830 nm Red near Infrared Irradiation Therapy: A Comparative Study of Optic Nerve Injury, Retinal Degeneration, Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury. Marcus K. Giacci et al).

LED devices contain frequencies 400 terahertz up to 600 terahertz and also produce a subtle magnetic field below 1.0 mG.

 LED's have been shown to enhance Alpha Brainwave Activity. Effect of Near-Infrared Pulsed Light on the Human Brain Using Electroencephalograph. Yi-Chia Shan et al. and alpha brainwave activity is much lower in elderly people. The electroencephalogram in the middle-aged and the elderly.

Reference 2

Age-related differences in brain activity during physical and imagined sit-to-stand in healthy young and older adults

670nm helps to alleviate Age-related macular degeneration.
When mice were exposed to 670 nm for 15 minutes a day for a month, they exhibited significant improved eye retinal function, and may be doing so by enhancing the cells; mitochondrial activity.
670 nm improves their membrane potentials, adenosine triphosphate production and reduces age-related inflammation. We ask if 670 nm light can also improve declining retinal function. Seven- and 12-month-old mice were exposed to 670 nm for 15 minutes daily over 1 month. These showed significant improved retinal function. Our data suggest, 670 nm light can significantly improve aged retinal function. his may have implications for the treatment of retinal aging and age-related retinal disease, such as macular degeneration.

Aging retinal function is improved by near infrared light (670 nm) that is associated with corrected mitochondrial decline. Chrishne Sivapathasuntharam et al.


"We show here that single 3 min 670 nm exposures, at much lower energies than previously used, are sufficient to significantly improve for 1 week cone mediated colour contrast thresholds (detection) in ageing populations" (Weeklong improved colour contrasts sensitivity after single 670 nm exposures associated with enhanced mitochondrial function. Harpreet Shinhmar. et al.)


670 nm has been shown to be effective in preventing photoreceptor cell death in the retina (Efficacy of 670 nm Light Therapy to Protect against Photoreceptor Cell Death Is Dependent on the Severity of Damage. Joshua A. Chu-Tan et al).

See my article titled: Portable Regenerative Life Restoring Sarcophagus for more informaiton on the 670NM LED's.



810nm for treating Glaucoma

"The Iridex MP3 uses a laser diode of 810 nm infrared wavelength" (Clinical Outcomes of Micropulsed Transcleral Cyclophotocoagulation in Moderate to Severe Glaucoma. Melissa M Toyos and Rolando Toyos et al.).


"performed with a diode infrared laser (810 nm)) provides a moderate to substantial IOP lowering effect of variable duration" (CHAPTER 222 - Management of Glaucoma and Cataract. Franz Grehn, Thomas Klink)

Kaiyan Medical - Study: Declining Eyesight Improved with Red Light Treatments

Commerical Device. The Eyecharger. Made right here in Australia






Further Reading
Recharging mitochondrial batteries in old eyes. Near infra-red increases ATP. Despoina Gkotsi et al.










Web Article:
Declining Eyesight Improved From 670nm Deep Red Light


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